What does "pump thrombosis" refer to in ECMO management?

Pump thrombosis specifically refers to the formation of a thrombus, or blood clot, within the ECMO pump. This is a critical issue in ECMO management because it can lead to inadequate blood flow or oxygen delivery to the patient. Thrombosis within the pump can significantly impair the functionality of the system, which can ultimately compromise the effectiveness of ECMO therapy.

The presence of a thrombus can increase the afterload on the pump motor, lead to increased resistance, and may cause further complications such as hemolysis or embolization. Due to the continuous flow nature of ECMO, the risk of clot formation is heightened, especially if certain anticoagulation protocols are not adequately established or maintained. Recognizing and monitoring for pump thrombosis is essential for ensuring patient safety and maintaining proper ECMO function.